Here’s a comprehensive Garden Plant Glossary to help you with gardening terminology:
**Annual**
A plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season, from germination to flowering to seed production, then dies. Examples include marigolds and petunias.
**Biennial**
A plant that takes two years to complete its life cycle. In the first year, it typically grows foliage, and in the second year, it flowers, produces seeds, and then dies. Examples include carrots and hollyhocks.
**Bulb**
An underground storage organ consisting of a short, fleshy stem surrounded by modified leaves. Bulbs store nutrients to support future growth. Examples include tulips and daffodils.
**Compost**
A mixture of organic matter, such as leaves, grass clippings, and food scraps, that decomposes over time to improve soil structure and fertility.
**Deciduous**
Plants that shed their leaves annually, usually in the fall. Examples include maple trees and roses.
**Evergreen**
Plants that retain their leaves throughout the year, regardless of the season. Examples include pine trees and holly bushes.
**Foliage**
The leaves of a plant. Foliage can vary in shape, size, color, and texture.
**Ground Cover**
Low-growing plants used to cover the soil and reduce weed growth. Examples include creeping thyme and ivy.
**Hybrid**
A plant that results from the crossbreeding of two different plant varieties or species, often combining desirable traits from both parents.
**Perennial**
A plant that lives for more than two years, typically flowering and producing seeds multiple times throughout its life. Examples include lavender and peonies.
**Pruning**
The process of trimming or cutting back parts of a plant to promote healthy growth, improve shape, or remove dead or diseased parts.
**Rhizome**
A horizontal underground stem that produces roots and shoots. Rhizomes help the plant spread. Examples include ginger and bamboo.
**Seedling**
A young plant that has recently germinated from a seed and is in the early stages of growth.
**Soil pH**
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the soil. It affects nutrient availability and plant growth. The scale ranges from 0 (acidic) to 14 (alkaline), with 7 being neutral.
**Transplant**
The process of moving a plant from one location to another. This is often done to improve growing conditions or to space plants properly.
**Vermicompost**
Compost produced with the help of earthworms, which break down organic matter and enrich the soil with nutrients.
**Xeriscaping**
A landscaping method that uses drought-tolerant plants and efficient irrigation practices to conserve water in dry climates.
**Zone**
A classification used to determine the hardiness of plants based on their ability to withstand specific temperature ranges. This is often referred to in terms of USDA Hardiness Zones.
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